Overhead T&D
Transmission Lines Explained
Transmission lines carry electrical power and RF signals with characteristic impedance, distributed parameters, attenuation, reflection, and phase velocity, enabling efficient power distribution, signal integrity, impedance matching, and low-loss, high-voltage transmission.
Understanding the Role of Transmission Lines in Power Systems
Transmission lines are crucial in delivering electric power from generating stations to consumers. These vital power system components ensure that electrical energy reaches homes, businesses, and industries efficiently and safely. This article explores transmission lines' fundamentals, types, materials, and environmental impact. For a broader grid perspective, see how electricity transmission integrates generation, substations, and long-distance corridors in practice.Types of Transmission…
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Download Our FREE Overhead T&D Handbook
As utilities are faced with replacing rapidly aging transmission and distribution infrastructures, it is essential to be aware of the latest techniques, products and applications available on the market. Volume 1 of our Overhead & Underground T&D handbook series provides detailed information on testing and maintenance methods, the practical and theoretical applications of overhead transmission, and the unique challenges and opportunities presented by underground distribution networks. These topics and more are covered in detail in the 100-page first-volume handbook.
In this first volume, we explore the core principles and practices related to overhead and underground power transmission and distribution. We examine the key components of these systems, such as transmission lines, substations, transformers, cables, and switches, while delving into the design, installation, and maintenance of both overhead and underground configurations. Special attention is given to the unique challenges and considerations associated with each type of system—highlighting factors such as environmental conditions, reliability, safety standards, and operational efficiency.
This handbook is designed to assist engineers, utilities, technicians, and planners by providing practical insights and technical expertise for optimizing T&D systems. We cover essential topics such as grid infrastructure, fault detection, protection schemes, and the integration of emerging technologies like smart grids and renewable energy solutions. Whether you are involved in the planning of new installations or maintaining existing systems, Volume 1 offers the tools and guidance necessary for ensuring the safe and efficient delivery of power.
With a blend of theoretical concepts, industry best practices, and real-world applications, Overhead & Underground T&D Handbook, Volume 1 aims to be an indispensable reference for professionals seeking to deepen their understanding of transmission and distribution systems, and to navigate the evolving challenges of modern electrical networks.
Latest Overhead T&D Articles
Understanding How Overhead Switchgear Innovation Cost-Effectively
How Overhead Switchgear Innovation Cost Effectively? Advanced medium-voltage reclosers, vacuum interrupters, and SCADA-enabled smart sensors enhance reliability, reduce arc-flash risk, cut lifecycle maintenance, and optimize distribution networks for grid modernization and predictive maintenance.
How Overhead Switchgear Innovation Cost Effectively?
BACKGROUND
Achieving many of the globe’s top priorities depends on an unprecedented expansion of electric generation capacity. A report released last year by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), for example, forecast that achieving net-zero carbon emissions in the U.S. by mid-century would require a nearly 500 percent increase in electricity generating capacity.
A decarbonized future powered largely by renewable…
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Overhead T&D, Direct Current Technology
Direct current technology delivers efficient DC power distribution via rectifiers, converters, and power electronics, enabling microgrids, energy storage, HVDC links, photovoltaics, and electric vehicle charging with reduced losses and improved reliability.
Direct Current Technology Fundamentals
Direct current (DC) is the preferred technology for moving large amounts of power across long distances. DC results in higher overall efficiency and reliability than an equivalently sized alternating current (AC) system moving the same amount of power.
The Advantages of DC
More efficient: Over long distances, DC transmission can move more power with less electrical losses than an equivalent AC transmission line. For…
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T&D Asset Operators Look to Critical Energy Storage
Critical energy storage ensures uptime with UPS systems, battery backup, and microgrids, stabilizing renewables and grid resilience through frequency regulation, peak shaving, and long-duration solutions for hospitals, data centers, and industrial facilities.
Critical Energy Storage Fundamentals
Upgrading and deferring existing wires and substations may be the most common application of battery storage utilized for transmission and distribution. However, batteries also provide a range of solutions designed to maximize the lifetime of T&D infrastructure. Also referred to as T&D asset optimization, these energy storage systems (ESSs) are designed to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of existing T&D assets to provide…
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Grounding Electrode
A grounding electrode is the physical connection between an electrical system and the earth. It stabilizes system voltage, supports fault-current dissipation, and forms the foundation of every compliant grounding system.
Grounding Electrodes in Electrical Installations
In every electrical system, there is a point where theory ends and physical reality begins. That point is the grounding electrode.
Long before conductors are sized or bonding paths are verified within the broader framework of electrical grounding, the system must establish a relationship with the earth itself. The grounding electrode provides that relationship. It does not operate as a protective device, nor does…
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High Voltage AC Transmission Lines
Ac transmission lines deliver alternating current across the power grid using high voltage, overhead conductors, and insulators, controlling reactive power, impedance, and corona effects to minimize losses, improve efficiency, and ensure reliable long-distance electricity transmission.
Understanding the Role of AC Transmission Lines in Power Systems
Three-phase electric power systems are used for high and extra-high voltage AC transmission lines (50kV and above). The pylons must therefore be designed to carry three (or multiples of three) conductors. The towers are usually steel lattices or trusses (wooden structures are used in Germany in exceptional cases) and the insulators are generally glass…
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Electrical Insulator Explained
Electrical insulator materials resist current flow to protect people and equipment. Used in power transmission and switchgear, electrical insulators rely on high resistivity, dielectric strength, and breakdown voltage to prevent leakage.
Electric power only works when it stays inside its intended path. An electrical insulator exists to make sure it does. Unlike conductors, which are chosen to carry current, it is chosen because it prevents current from passing.
In real systems, an electrical insulator separates energized components from grounded structures, confines electric fields within equipment, and prevents accidental discharge. When insulation fails, electricity does not quietly drift. It escapes violently,…
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Overhead T&D News
Overhead T&D Media
Overhead T&D Articles From ET Magazine
Transmission Construction Industry Leader Retires and Sells at Absolute Auction!
S.E., Inc. has been providing the very best in Transmission Powerline Construction for over (40) years throughout the Western United States. Brothers Mark, Steve, David, and Craig Sorenson have decided to retire and pursue other interests. Everything in the auction is owned by S.E., Inc. and will positively sell to the highest bidder without minimum or reserve!
S.E., Inc. has hired Hunyady Auction Company to conduct their liquidation. Hunyady Auction Company is celebrating their 35th year in business and specializes in liquidation auctions of electrical construction companies plus many other industries.
Transmission and Distribution (T&D) professionals have a unique opportunity…
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Why Net-Zero is Cheaper for the UK
The United Kingdom has set an ambitious target to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. This goal necessitates a comprehensive transformation of various sectors, including energy, transportation, and agriculture. While the environmental imperatives are clear, there is growing evidence that this transition could also yield significant economic advantages for the nation.
Energy Sector Transformation
A pivotal component of the UK's net-zero strategy involves a substantial shift towards renewable energy sources. By 2040, projections suggest that wind and solar power will supply approximately 80% of the country's electricity needs. This transition is expected to reduce energy imports, enhancing national energy…
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FERC Complaint Targets Duke, PJM Transmission Planning
A coalition of large energy consumers and ratepayer advocates has filed a complaint with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), urging the agency to prohibit transmission owners from independently planning "local" transmission projects exceeding 100 kilovolts (kV). The coalition argues that such local planning, lacking independent oversight, leads to inefficient and costly transmission development, resulting in unjust and unreasonable rates for consumers.
Background
Transmission planning involves determining the necessary infrastructure to transport electricity from generation sources to consumers. In the United States, this planning is typically conducted by transmission owners, which are often investor-owned utilities. These entities are responsible for…
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How Dangerous is Linemen Work?
Many occupations pose risks to workers, but few match the dangers that linemen face daily. Linemen play a critical role in maintaining and restoring the power grid, often working in extreme weather conditions, at significant heights, and around high-voltage electrical systems. Their work is essential to modern life, yet it comes with life-threatening hazards.
Statistics highlight the dangers of lineman work. The fatality rate for lineworkers is nearly four times higher than the national average for all occupations. Each year, an average of 26 linemen lose their lives due to work-related injuries. Additionally, linemen experience a non-fatal injury rate of…
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